ABSTRACT
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma(HNSCC)is a common malignant tumor with a relatively high degree of malignan-cy,which often induces recurrence and metastasis.Epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is an important oncogene that is overex-pressed in HNSCC and is negatively correlated with prognosis,making it an important therapeutic target.However,EGFR-targeted ther-apy for HNSCC is not as effective as it is for non-small cell lung cancer.Recent studies have found that EGFR can promote resistance of tumor cells to therapeutic agents via its overexpression,mutation,single nucleotide polymorphism,nuclear translocation,and induc-tion of autophagy.This article will review these aspects and discuss how to utilize EGFR more effectively in treating HNSCC,and also provide a new direction for exploring therapeutic strategies for HNSCC.
ABSTRACT
Objective To characterize the clinic features of fulminant type 1 diabetes mellitus (IT1DM).Methods It was a retrospective study analyzing the clinical and laboratory data of patients diagnosed as FT1DM and type 1 diabetes in the Department of Endocrinology in China-Japan Friendship Hospital from January 2011 to November 2015.Results A total of 125 newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic patients were included in the study,14 of them (11.2％) met with the criteria of FT1DM.The age at onset was (35.8 ± 8.3) years.The time from onset to ketosis was 2 (0-7) days.The plasma glucose levels were extremely high[(33.79 ± 14.13)mmol/L],while glycosylated hemoglobin A1c[HbA1c,(6.9 ±0.7) ％] and serum glycosylated albumin [(21.8 ± 4.5)％] levels were only slightly above the normal range.Moreover,the C-peptide levels were extremely low and the situation kept after one month to two years' follow-up.Four (28％) patients were glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADA) positive at the onset with two turned negative.One patient was GADA negative at the onset and turned positive after one month.The levels of serum transaminases increased with enlargement of liver in one of the patients after insulin therapy,who was diagnosed as glycogenic hepatopathy.Conclusions FT1 DM is an extremely rapidly progressing type of diabetes and life threatening disease.Causations have to be taken in medical practice.
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Objective To analyze the incidence of low birth weight among single live birth neonates and identify the influencing factors in Shaanxi province.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among the childbearing aged women selected through multi stage stratified random sampling in Shaanxi during 2010-2013, all of these childbearing aged women were in pregnancy or had definite pregnancy outcomes.Results A total of 28 164 childbearing aged women and their infants were investigated.The overall incidence of low birth weight among the single live birth neonates surveyed was 3.4％ during 2010-2013 (4.1％ in 2010, 4.4％ in 2011,3.1％ in 2012, 2.6％ in 2013, respectively).The incidence of the low birth weight was 3.8％ in southern Shaanxi, 3.4％ in northem Shaanxi and 3.2％ in central area of Shaanxi.The incidence of the low birth weight was 2.5％ in urban area and 3.6％ in rural area.Compared with the low birth weight incidence of 2.6％ in full-term infant, the low birth weight incidence was 32.0％ in preterm infants.The results of logistic regression analysis suggested that being female infant (OR=1.57, 95％ CI: 1.36-1.81) , preterm delivery (OR =18.28, 95％ CI: 15.23-21.96), lower educational level of mothers (OR =1.27, 95％ CI:1.06-1.52), antenatal care times ＜4 (compared with 4-7,OR=1.36, 95％CI: 1.14-1.63) ,antenatal care times ≥8 (compared with 4-7, OR=1.84, 95％ Ch 1.48-2.29), gestational hypertension (OR=3.07, 95％ CI: 2.12-4.43) , being multipara (OR=1.21,95％ CI: 1.03-1.41) , taking no folic acid during pregnancy (OR=1.30, 95％ CI: 1.12-1.52) were risk factors for the low birth weight of neonate.Conclusion The incidence of low birth weight among single live birth neonates was in decline in Shaanxi.The incidence of the low birth weight was higher in rural area than in urban area.The incidence of the low birth weight was lower than national level.Being female neonate, preterm delivery, lower education level of mothers, irregular antenatal care, gestational hypertension, being multipara, taking no folic acid during pregnancy were the risk factors for low birth weight of neonates.
ABSTRACT
Infracaput fracture of collum femoris in the youth is usually caused by tremendous violenceand characterized by obvious translocation and high ratio of ischemic necmeis of femoral head. Artificialfemoral head replacement or hip replacement is not suitable for the youth. Twenty-eight cases of suchfracture were treated with implantation of quadrate muscle of thigh with bone flap combined with internalfixation by screw,and a follow-up Period of 8 ~ 36 months was carried on. The results showed that allcases resulted in a bony union and ischemic necrosis of femoral head did not occur.It is suggested thatthe opelation should be Performed as early as possible to restore the blood circulation of femoral head,and proper reduction and firm internal fixation guarantee the union of fracture,Quadrate muscle of thighwith bone flap has a rich blood supply and operation can be accomplished in the same incision of internalfixation,so that the injury is iess and the successful rate is high.